The process of electromagnetic water conditioning is based on the use of the Lorentz force, when magnetic field acts on a moving electric charge of ionised water. Free metal ions (mostly iron) are always present in water, even if it is distilled. Variable electromagnetic field causes scale nuclei to form in water mass. They start to grow intensively, reaching the size preventing scale adhesion inside the pipe, valve, pumps and other central heating system devices. 

Usually scale deposits in central heating filters. At the same time, gases dissolved in water are intensively released. The most important condition for using the Lorentz force is the perpendicularity of the electromagnetic field flux to water flow direction. In order to allow electromagnetic field to pass through water, pipe material should be diamagnetic. The π series boilers use stainless steel with diamagnetic properties.

The drawing presents a simplified cross-section of the π series boiler. The heat exchanger (heating chamber) is situated between the halves of the primary winding. The electromagnetic field flux of the primary winding and the winding halves is perpendicular to the water flow direction. 

Water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen does not occur in the electromagnetic field, as the electromagnetic field is variable. The design of the π series boiler allows to perform water treatment during the boiler operation.

The process of scale accumulation accelerates corrosion of system components, rapidly decreases the efficiency of the central heating system and durability of its parts, increasing the risk of failure. It entails higher costs of operation, reaching up to 25% more. The process of electromagnetic water conditioning uses anodic passivation of metals that forms protective layers on the walls of the central heating system pipes. That process prevents the formation of the electrolytic cell. In systems built of different metals, e.g. copper and aluminium or their alloys, electrolytic (galvanic) corrosion occurs. 

It is very dangerous, as it can lead to a failure of the central heating system in a very short time. The by-product of the chemical reaction of aluminium and copper is hydrogen. This gas can be very dangerous due to the risk of fire and explosion. Bleeding of the heating system in which hydrogen may be present must be performed very carefully. Do not use open flame or smoke cigarettes during the bleeding process.